Wine is a story as old as time. From the Roman Empire to the biblical narratives, wine has been on this planet for millennia. Over the years, its craft has evolved and brought new techniques and methods. But one major player in the wine industry didn’t hit the tables until the 17th century when French champagne was invented, per World History Encyclopedia. Since then, champagne has gained popularity worldwide. From Moët & Chandon to Taittinger, Veuve Clicquot to Maison Ruinart, we’re heading back to the beginning of the story of champagne and the characters who shaped it. Here’s a look at the history of champagne as well as the evolution and milestones of this industry.
The History and Pioneers of the Champagne Industry
History of the Champagne Industry
It’s impossible to talk about the development of champagne without a nod to Dom Pierre Pérignon. The debate continues as to whether he officially invented this bubbly drink as we know it today, but in any case, he contributed to the evolution of champagne and perfecting the process, according to the World History Encyclopedia. This Benedictine monk was cellar master at the Abbey of Hautvillers, only a 30-minute drive from Reims today. “(He) was one of the first to see that different wines and different crus could complement each other to exquisite effect,” according to Comité Champagne. “So he began to blend wines in a much more carefully considered manner. This resulted in wines that were more balanced, accomplished and of superior quality.”
You might also be interested in our article on how to spend a weekend in the Champagne region.
Science of Champagne
But how is champagne actually made? The process of making a red or white wine already takes very precise methods and understanding of chemistry. And when it comes to champagne, even more so. There are several ways to make sparkling wine, but the traditional method begins with a base wine and then sugar and yeast (known as liqueur de tirage) are added, per Wine Folly. The wine undergoes a second fermentation, and followed by bottle rotation and disgorgement of the lees, or dead yeast cells. To complete the process, dosage liqueur, or a mix of wine and sugar, is added, and then the bottles must mature for another two to four months, according to Pernod Ricard.
On a special occasion, finishing a bottle of champagne in one evening isn’t unheard of. But the journey from the vine to the champagne bottle on your table demands patience. The champagne-making process can take anywhere between 15 months and three years to make, per Pernod Ricard.
You might also be interested in our beginner’s guide to French wine.
Guided Visit to Maison Ruinart with Wine Tasting and Meal
Not satisfied with just a sip? Dive into the roots of Maison Ruinart with a private tour of its cellars. More than 100 feet under the surface, the crayères, or Ruinart chalk quarries, house Maison Ruinart’s wine bottles. Although the quarries were mined around the 5th century, it wasn’t until the 1700s that the Ruinart family started to purpose these quarries as their wine cellars, according to the Ruinart site. Your private visit will include a visit of these underground cellars as well as champagne tasting. During your visit, you’ll also savor a 5-course meal at Maison Ruinart paired with a glass of its Prestige Cuvée!
Evolution and Milestones in the Champagne Industry
In a relatively “new” beverage of several centuries, many pioneers and milestones have shaped the industry. One important name to know in the champagne industry is Barbe-Nicole Ponsardin.
You’ve probably never heard of her, but if you’re a champagne connoisseur, chances are you’ve sipped on the fruit of her labor. In 1798, Barbe-Nicole married François Clicquot, who inherited the family wine business, according to the Smithsonian. The couple started to build the wine business, but about seven years after their marriage, François died. Despite his death and their lack of success early on, Barbe-Nicole didn’t give up on the business, and her innovations rattled the champagne industry. She is credited with the invention of the riddling table and the first known rosé champagne, according to Veuve Clicquot. With Veuve Clicquot translating to “Widow Clicquot,” their label honors her today.
And in 1884, Armand Walfard invented the cold disgorging method, which allows for a more efficient removal of the lees and is still used today, per Comité Champagne.
It wasn’t until June 1936 that the Champagne designation and AOC label were established, per Comité Champagne. That means that just any sparkling wine can’t be considered “champagne” unless it originates from the Champagne region in France and has followed set guidelines. So, although Prosecco and Crémants d’Alsace have bubbles (and taste great), they aren’t champagne. If you want to make sure your bottle of sparkling wine is indeed champagne, scan the bottle for an “AOC” label.
Take a Hot-Air Balloon Ride Over Champagne
Longing for an exclusive experience for your trip to the Champagne region? With French Side Travel, you can float across the terroir and sip on a glass of Champagne. Indulge in a special moment as you admire the beauty up high in the sky. You can even assist the pilot by preparing the canvas or firing up the balloon if you so desire.
Where to Stay in Champagne
Château de Sacy
Treat yourself to a stay in the Château de Sacy, a five-star hotel in the midst of vineyards just outside of Reims. This hotel offers 12 elegantly designed rooms and an on-site restaurant overlooking the vineyards. Don’t forget a trip to its champagne bar where you can sip on regional specialities. Indulge in a visit to its Nordic bath and sauna or a Gemology facial in its spa.
Wine has been around for millennia, and champagne is a relatively new chapter but one that has made its mark on the industry. Over the past several hundred years, the industry has evolved and continues to delight taste buds across the globe. Wanting to taste on French champagne for yourself? At French Side Travel, we’re experts in luxurious experiences and are here to help plan your trip. You might also like: Three Wonderful Nights in Champagne or An Incredible Wine Trip to the Champagne Region.
