From the renowned musical Les Misérables to the French Revolution-inspired Coldplay Viva la Vida album, French history in pop culture is ubiquitous. Even the simple phrase of “let them eat cake” immediately brings to mind Marie Antoinette, her elaborate wigs and the French Revolution. It’s true that these various revolution references are sprinkled throughout pop culture, but there wasn’t just one French Revolution. We’re sharing a brief history of the different major French Revolutions as well as the best activities inspired by these revolutions and Les Mis.
A Brief Guide to the French Revolutions
The 1789 French Revolution
This famed revolution is tied to Bastille Day, or France’s fête nationale, which is celebrated each July 14. More specifically, it was July 14, 1789, that the Bastille, or a state prison that symbolized the detested monarchy, was stormed, per Britannica. The main characters of this revolution are Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette and Maximilien Robespierre. This is the notorious revolution known for its many trips to the guillotine. Deemed “the Reign of Terror,” historians estimate around 20,000 deaths during this period, per the Library of Congress. The results of this revolution are the abolition of the monarchy and the institution of the First Republic, according to the Library of Congress.
The 1830 French Revolution
This revolution was set off by Charles X’s ordinances that restricted the freedom of the press and drastically reduced electorate eligibility, per Britannica. It took a mere three days, or les Trois Glorieuses, for Charles X to leave the throne and the country, according to Britannica.
And it’s this very revolution that serves as the setting for Victor Hugo’s Les Misérables. His novel “takes place in the years leading up to this Revolution, depicting the struggles of the working class,” according to the Library of Congress. “The climax of this novel actually takes place during the ‘June Rebellion’ of 1832 which was a sort of finale to the Revolution of 1830.”
The 1848 French Revolution
“Jamais deux sans trois” goes the French expression, which translates to “never two without three.” And the French Revolutions are no different; the third major French Revolution happened in 1848. Nicknamed the February Revolution, this period saw the ousting of King Louis-Philippe and the installation of the Second Republic, per EBSCO. This revolution ended the constitutional monarchy and elected Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte, per Britannica.
French Revolution-Themed Activities
If you’re interested in experiencing the history of the French Revolutions, look no further. From palace visits to must-see artwork, we’ve rounded our best French Revolution-themed activities so that you can trace the footsteps of these revolutionaries.
Visit the Palace of Versailles
A trip to Versailles is a must for your trip to France, even more so if you’re a French Revolution history buff. This opulent historic site just outside of Paris welcomes around 10 million guests per year. With French Side Travel, you can tailor your private visit to your interests. Whether you’d like to explore the palace or the king’s apartments, Marie Antoinette’s hamlet or her private quarters, the choice is yours.
Stroll la Place de la Concorde
Today, you might stroll through the centrally located Place de la Concorde with its gold-topped obelisk and not even realize the importance of this square. This chic spot is between the Champs-Elysées and the Louvre and the Tuileries; and it’s a stone’s throw from the American embassy in France. Most would never guess that this was the main location of beheadings during this French Revolution. Ouf! Along with around 2700 others, Marie Antoinette, Louis XIV and Robespierre all spent their final minutes on this very square, according to the Ville de Paris.
Take a guided visit of La Conciergerie and Sainte Chapelle
Named a UNESCO World Heritage site, the Conciergerie used to serve as a prison, where Marie Antoinette served time. During your private tour, you’ll discover where this queen was held in isolation before going on trial for treason and misuse of national funds, according to La Conciergerie. Enjoy a quick stroll to the nearby Sainte Chapelle, which was used as a flour warehouse during the Revolution, per Centre des Monuments Nationaux. Admire the beauty of its colorful stained glass windows.
Admire Eugène Delacroix’s Liberty Leading the People
Larger than life, this symbolic painting is a must during your visit to the Louvre. Eugène Delacroix’s masterpiece is inspired by les Trois Glorieuses, or the 1830 Revolution, according to the Louvre. Maybe you recognize the painting, thanks to the Coldplay Viva la Vida album cover inspired by Delacroix’s piece.
Visit Victor Hugo’s home in Paris
Curious about the life of the man who penned Les Misérables? You can visit his home-turned-museum in Paris, which features more than 50,000 works of art, along with manuscripts. Learn more about the writer who left a legacy on French culture and literature. “Hugo restated the problems of his century and the great and eternal human questions, and he spoke with a warmhearted eloquence and reasonableness that moved people’s souls,” said Jean-Bertrand Barrère.
Interested in another famous author who made his mark French culture then and now? Read our article on Alexandre Dumas and the Count of Monte Cristo.
Where to Stay in Paris
Maison Albar – Le Pont-Neuf
Just a stone’s throw away from the Conciergerie, this five-star hotel is in the heart of Paris. Their 60 rooms and suites will enchant you with their chic style and room service-access. After a full day of exploring French Revolution history in Paris, unwind with a trip to the hotel’s spa. Perhaps a massage or a trip to its hammam? Savor some classic French gastronomy at its restaurant Odette.
Le Pavillon de la Reine
Escape the hustle of Paris with a stay at Le Pavillon de la Reine. This cozy, modern hotel is nestled in the Marais neighborhood and even lodged Victor Hugo, who has a suite named after him. Indulge in a meal at its Michelin-starred restaurant or perhaps a Sunday brunch. The hotel also offers gym and spa access.
From Marie Antoinette to Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte, there’s a lot to unpack in the phrase “French Revolution.” These three major French Revolutions offer an important look into French culture. And centuries later, you can still explore various French Revolution-themed activities. You might also like: Family Trip to Paris or A Historical and Cultural Escape to Paris.